The article analyzes the main features of accounting of cash operations on Ukrainian enterprises under the regulatory framework and solved issues of primary, synthetic and analytical accounting with the target to abidance a cash discipline by domestic economic entities.

Keywords: enterprise, cash operations, income and outgoing cash orders, cash.

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ ОБЛІКУ КАСОВИХ ОПЕРАЦІЙ НА ПІДПРИЄМСТВАХ УКРАЇНИ

У статті проаналізовано особливості організації обліку касових операцій на підприємствах України відповідно до нормативно-правової бази, а також розкрито питання здійснення первинного, синтетичного та аналітичного обліку з метою дотримання касової дисципліни вітчизняними суб’єктами господарювання.

Ключові слова: підприємство, касові операції, прибутковий та видатковий касові ордери, грошові кошти.

ОСОБЕННОСТИ ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ УЧЕТА КАССОВЫХ ОПЕРАЦИЙ НА ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯХ УКРАИНЫ

В статье проанализированы особенности организации учета кассовых операций на предприятиях Украины в соответствии с нормативно-правовой базы, а также раскрыты вопросы осуществления первичного, синтетического и аналитического учета с целью соблюдения кассовой дисциплины отечественными субъектами хозяйствования.

Ключевые слова: предприятие, кассовые операции, приходный и расходный кассовые ордера, денежные средства.

Problem statement. Modern development of market economy in Ukraine depends on operations of enterprises that use in their daily activity funds, which are important resource for their success. That is why, all Ukrainian enterprises should conduct a qualitative accounting of funds that is caused by the need to provide information on all business operations that are associated with the movement of cash and directly influence management decisions that have a significant impact on the financial position and success of the sub the object management.

Analysis of the latest studies. The question of theoretical principles and practical aspects of accounting of cash operations on Ukrainian enterprises is engaged in scientists’ works such as: M. T. Bilukha, L. M. Gerasim, N. N. Hornbeam, V. A. Ozerna, V. V. Sopko.

Objective of the study. The target of research is revealing the peculiarities of accounting of cash operations in the Ukraine by studying the theoretical and practical aspects of the chosen subject.

The statement of the basic material. All Ukrainian enterprises in their daily activity use funds which can be in two forms: cash and cashless. All operations with funds that move in cash are called cash operations, and along with it, is governed by the Regulations on the conduct cash operation in the national currency of Ukraine  number 637 approved by the National Bank of Ukraine from 22.10.2010 year.

According to this statement, each institution, organization or company must have a special room – cash.

That is why, according to the aforementioned Regulation Service provides a specially designated room or place which is intended for reception, distribution and storage of cash, cash instruments and other items with using a cash book.

The cash is completely liquid asset, so all enterprises must exercise proper control and accounting of cash operations. All cash operations in Ukraine include operations that are directly related to obtaining and using cash directly from the fund company. Cash operations are drawn up incoming and outgoing cash orders, typical forms and procedures are approved by the Ministry of Statistics of Ukraine number 442 from 15.12.2003, “On approval of standard forms of primary accounting of cash transactions”. According to the present Statement, all companies have a cash for the settlement of cash operations.

All incoming and outgoing cash orders are showed with basis documents such as (fig.1).

Fig. 1. Examples of documents that are used to process incoming and outgoing cash orders

* Source: developed by the author basing on [2]

All the documents of cash operations, which are named above, are used for profitable and outgoing cash orders apply to all enterprises of Ukraine unchanged, regardless of their affiliation and ownership.

It should also be noted that it is important for the accounting of cash operations and for synthetic and analytical accounting business operations directly formed on the degree of generalization of economic resources and sources of their formation and business processes.

The organization of synthetic and analytical accounting is regulated by the Regulations on the application of the Plan of Accounts for assets, capital, liabilities and business operations of enterprises and organizations, approved by order of the Ministry of Finance of Ukraine number 291 from 30.11.1999.

Thus, it should be noted that the synthetic account of the presence and movements of cash on hand in the Ukraine is accounted on 30 “Cash”, recording which carried out based on the audited reports cashier overall results of the day in the journal, the warrant number 1 (on loan) and 1 roll number (debit) [1].

The synthetic account 30 “Cash” has the following sub-accounts:

• 301 “Cash in the national currency”;
• 302 “Cash in the international currency”.

The receipt of cash in cash of the company is reflected in the debit account and in cash from the fund company credited 30 “Cash”. In the balance of this account balance reflected in section 2 of the asset.

In addition, the cash of enterprises except cash money can be stored documents and forms of strict accountability. The cash documents include monetary instruments, including stocks, bonds and other securities; trips to rest homes and sanatoriums; postage stamps, duty stamps, tickets, etc. [3]. The incoming and outgoing of cash is made with incoming and outgoing and reflected in the account 331 “Cash documents in national currency” or 332 “Cash documents in international currency.”

Having examined the organization of analytical accounting of cash operations in the Ukraine, it should be noted that this account of cash and monetary instruments in the cash of enterprise is conducted separately by type. The accounting blanks that are deposited and published a report, recorded on off-balance account 08 “Forms of strict accounting.” Analytical accounting is directly in each kind of forms specifying data storage location, numbering, number and value of those forms [5].

On the debit account 30 there are operations with the flow of money in cash, on the credit – it’s outgoing. The incoming and outgoing of cash of enterprises is described in Table 1.

Table 1

Typical accounting entries of cash operations on Ukrainian enterprises

* Source: developed by the author basing on [6]

Then, at the end of each month in the journal, the warrant number 1 and the information number 1.1 the income and expenditure of cash are summarized, including the corresponding accounts, and account for the balance of money on hand the first day of the next month, which should be identical to the same indicator in cash book. The final data is recorded in the ledger, which is the main cash register operations.

Conclusion. Modern development of market economy in Ukraine is closely associated with the operation of enterprises that are led by funds that are an important resource for their successful activity and the economy in general.

The organization of accounting of cash operations on enterprises provide a mapping of all business operations related to the movement of funds through the use of primary, synthetic and analytical accounting.

The main registers of primary accounting of cash operations on Ukrainian enterprises are fixed with the incoming and outgoing cash orders, and the organization of synthetic and analytical accounting is regulated in accordance with the Regulations on the application of the Plan of Accounts for assets, capital, liabilities and business operations of enterprises and organizations which is approved by the Ministry of Finance of Ukraine number 291from 30.11.1999.

Therefore, all enterprises in Ukraine should conduct qualitative and proper accounting of funds, which are due to the need to provide accurate information about all business operations in order to take management decisions that have a significant impact on the financial position and the successful operation of all entity.

Literature:

1.Білуха Н.Т. Теорія бухгалтерського обліку: Підручник/Н. Т. Білуха.- К., 2000. – С. 692.

2.Герасим Л.М. Первинний та аналітичний облік на підприємстві [Текст]: навч. посіб. / Л.М. Герасим; Мін-во освіти і науки України, – Тернопіль: Астон, 2005. – 463с.

3.Кім Г.М., Сопко В.В., Кім С.Г. Бухгалтерський облік: первинні документи та порядок їх заповнення: Навчальний посібник – к.: Центр навчальної літератури, 2004. – С. 440.

4.Положення про ведення касових операцій у національній валюті України: Постанова Правління Національного банку України  № 637 від 22.10.2010 р. (із змінами та доповненнями) – [Електронний ресурс]. – http://zakon0.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/z0040-05

5.Сопко В.В. Бухгалтерський облік.: Навч. посібник — К.: КНЕУ.- 2000.- c. 578.

6.Про застосування Плану рахунків бухгалтерського обліку активів, капіталу, зобов’язань і господарських операцій підприємств і організацій: Інструкція Міністерства фінансів України № 291 від 30.11.1999 року (із змінами та доповненнями) − [Електронний ресурс]. – http://zakon4.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/z0893-99

Keywords: commercial bank, cash management, income and outgoing cash orders, cash.

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ ОБЛІКУ РОЗРАХУНКОВО-КАСОВОГО ОБСЛУГОВУВАННЯ В ПАТ «ПРИВАТБАНК» 

У статті проаналізовано особливості організації обліку розрахунково-касового обслуговування в комерційному банку відповідно до нормативно-правової бази, а також розкрито питання здійснення первинного, синтетичного та аналітичного обліку.

Ключові слова: комерційний банк, касове обслуговування, прибутковий та видатковий касові ордери, грошові кошти.

ОСОБЕННОСТИ ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ УЧЕТА РАСЧЕТНО-КАССОВОГО ОБСЛУЖИВАНИЕ В ОАО «ПРИВАТБАНК»

В статье проанализированы особенности организации учета расчетно-кассового обслуживания в коммерческом банке в соответствии с нормативно-правовой базы, а также раскрыты вопросы осуществления первичного, синтетического и аналитического учета.

Ключевые слова: коммерческий банк, кассовое обслуживание, приходный и расходный кассовые ордера, денежные средства.

Problem statement. The accounting of cash operations of individuals and entities take a great part in commercial bank in the banking market of Ukraine and are crucial in the development of each bank. At this stage of the banking system there is a reason to look through cash operations in the bank as one of the priority areas of banking, which involves improving the mechanism of control and accounting of cash transactions and their legal support. Therefore, commercial banks need to provide comprehensive banking services to ensure quality performance of all necessary operations with cash servicing of individuals and legal entities.

Analysis of the latest studies. The question of theoretical principles and practical aspects of accounting of cash operations in commercial banks in the economy are involved in our scientists as A. Gerasimov, A. Dzyublyuk, L. Kindratska, M. Kuzhelnyy, Y. Kuzminskyy, V. Mishchenko, A. Parasia-Verhunenko, L. Prymostka, M. Chumachenko. etc. Along with this, the question of accounting of cash operation is named in scientific works of foreign scholars, including A. Hyenkin A. Shamraev, AV Pukhov and others.

Objective of the study. The main target of the study is to describe the main features of accounting of cash operation in PJSC «Privatbank» by studying the theoretical and practical aspects of the chosen subject.

The statement of the basic material. Commercial banks in Ukraine hold a prominent place in the development of a modern market economy of the country; they are an integral part of the organization and activities of the cash payments.

PJSC “Privatbank” is the largest Ukrainian bank, the leader of retail banking market in Ukraine, focused primarily on payment transactions for individuals and legal entities of all types of ownership.

The main purpose of a commercial bank is the provision of banking services with the best quality of service on fair and transparent conditions for all the citizens and market participants.

A significant share of banking transactions in PJSC “Privatbank” is made of cash transactions on corporate and retail banking services, which are crucial in terms of development of banking activity of commercial bank.

According to the Regulations on conducting cash transactions by banks of Ukraine № 174 d.d. June 01, 2011, the cash servicing is a combination of banking transactions on acceptance of cash from customers and crediting it to relevant bank accounts as well as withdrawal of cash from the client’s accounts via cash department pursuant to order of customers for purposes provided by current legislation [3].

Cash management services belongs to one of the most important activities of any commercial bank, and therefore requires a high-quality cash accounting and control.

Any transactions with money must necessarily be approved in written form. Considering primary accounting of cash management services in PJSC “Privatbank”, it should be noted that the main legal document regulating the cash transactions in commercial bank is Regulations on conducting cash transactions by banks of Ukraine № 174 d.d. June 01, 2011 [3].

According to the above mentioned Regulations, the cash documents which are formalized in cash transactions include the following:

• bank transfer request;
• credit/debit voucher;
• cash withdrawal request;
• credit voucher;
• debit voucher;
• cheques;
• receipt of acceptance of the foreign banknotes for collection;
• receipt of acceptance of cheques in foreign currency for payment for collection;
• payments invoice.

Also, the documents that reflect the conduction of cash transactions in PJSC “Privatbank” include: slip, receipt, ATM receipt, that are made by the payment devices, and the documents for sending the cash and receiving it in form of cash, set by the relevant payment system.

To conduct cash transactions associated with tangible assets, PJSC “Privatbank” uses debit off-balance and credit off-balance cash vouchers, and all the assets ​​are accounted on off-balance accounts.

The forms of cash documents, which are formed with the use of payment devices, are set by the bank/non-bank financial institution with consideration for the mandatory details and technical capabilities of the payment device [1].

Mandatory details of cash documents, drawn up for cash credit to the relevant accounts (other than above), also include the recipient’s account number and the name and code of the beneficiary bank.

The bank (branch, division) workers note the name, surname and patronymic name of the recipient, name and number of identification document (verification/pass) in credit, debit and credit/debit vouchers for deposit and withdrawal of the cash.

In addition to mandatory details, the cash documents may contain some additional details necessary for the implementation of individual cash transactions, specified by the bank.

The copies of cash documents are printed in an amount which is necessary for the settlement parties.

In addition, cash management services in PJSC “Privatbank” can be carried out with the use of payment devices, including such basic details: bank (branch, division) identification number;   date and time of the transaction; the amount and the currency of transaction; type of transaction; details of electronic means of payment; an authorization code or other code that identifies the transaction in the billing system; the amount of commission [2].

Details of cash documents, which are formed using the payment devices on the results of cash transactions, are filled by clients as well as automatically by the payment device using the database of the automated system.

Conduction of synthetic and analytical accounting, revealing the business transactions associated with the receipt and use of funds of the bank institution is an important aspect of accounting of cash transactions in the commercial bank.

Synthetic account in PJSC “Privatbank” reflects the conducted transaction without noting a sum of money and gives an overview of the conducted transaction, as well as of major changes that were observed in the bank balance sheet.

The cash journals and consolidated turnover balance sheets are the main synthetic accounting registers in the bank.

The turnover balance sheet (transaction ledger) is a register of the synthetic accounting, which reflects the accumulated credit and debit turnover for a certain period; it is made up according to balance and off-balance accounts in the context of the fourth order accounts with the provisional results regarding the third and second order accounts. The balance sheet (ledger) is checked and signed by the manager and chief accountant or the persons authorized by them.

Requirements for the daily balance list are stated in the “Regulations on accounting and reporting in banking institutions of Ukraine”, approved by the resolution of the National Bank of Ukraine d.d. December 30,1998 for the № 566.

Analytical accounting of cash transactions in PJSC “Privatbank” provides a display of transaction with the main details, namely: date of the transaction, type of document, offsetting account number, date.

The said level of detail is saved concerning personal bank accounts, which are recognized as the main form of analytical accounting. Personal accounts of customers are kept in duplicate. The second copy (extract) is given daily to the client.

Means of analytical accounting, in addition to personal accounts, include joint account (a simplified form of the account, used for off-balance accounts), as well as the records of documents, transaction logs [1].

The primary documents that serve as the basis for economic analysis form the core of analytical accounting of cash transactions in commercial banks.

Personal accounts of the customers are the registers of analytical accounting, that contain records of transactions carried out during the banking day. Personal accounts and extracts from them have the following necessary details: personal account number; date of the last (previous) transaction; date of the current transaction; MFO code of the bank where the account is opened; currency code; the amount of incoming balance of the account; MFO code of the correspondent bank; correspondent account number; identity code of the document; number of the document; the amount of the transaction; the amount of turnover on the debit and credit of account; the amount of the initial balance [2].

Important place in the organization of accounting of cash management services is held by an accounting entries that reflect business transactions related to cash flow. The preparation of accounting entries in commercial banks is governed by the Regulations on the application of the Plan of Accounts for banks of Ukraine № 280 d.d. June 17, 2004 [4].

The work of cash management services is related to the deposit and withdrawal of funds, which can be displayed by the typical accounting entries provided in Table 1.

Table 1

Typical accounting entries of business transactions of PJSC “Privatbank” on accounting of cash transactions

* Source: developed by the author basing on [4]

Conclusion. Cash operations in commercial bank provide the overwhelming share of the total cash flow streams. It is the quality of the bank’s cash level of security depends on the implementation of payment transactions, the ability to attract new customers and gain additional revenue as giving cash to customers, banks charge a fee, which adds to their income. The complete and reliable provision of cash services helps to increase confidence in the bank and increase customer base.

The optimum organization of accounting of cash operations in bank are not only the way to satisfy the need for quality management, reliable and useful accounting information, but also provide convenient and efficient settlement services clients.

That is why, an important role in the recording of cash operations in commercial banks of Ukraine plays a primary organization, synthetic and analytical accounting. The amounts reflected in the accounts of analytical accounting shall comply with the amounts recorded in the accounts of synthetic accounting. Analytical accounting of cash operation in bank is based on primary documents.

As a result, all banks are able to control operations both in content and in form. In addition, analytical accounting data are the basis of economic analysis and are used to, financial reporting. An important aspect of accounting for cash transactions is compliance with regulatory legislation, which reflects the basic principles of the organization and execution of cash transactions in accordance with all the innovations and changes.

Literature

1.Білуха Н.Т. Теорія бухгалтерського обліку: Підручник/Н. Т. Білуха.- К., 2000. – С. 692.

2.Облік і аудит у банках: Підручник. А. М. Герасимович, Л. М. Кіндрацька, Т. В. Кривов’яз та ін. КНЕУ, 2004р – 311с.

3.Про ведення касових операцій банками в Україні: Інструкція Національного банку України № 174 від 01.06.2011 р. (із змінами та доповненнями) ─ [Електронний ресурс]. ─ Режим доступу: http://zakon1.rada.gov.ua

4. Про застосування Плану рахунків бухгалтерського обліку банків України: Інструкція Національного банку України № 280 від 17.06.2004 року  (із змінами та доповненнями) ─ [Електронний ресурс]. ─ Режим доступу: http://zakon3.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/z0918-04

]]> https://naub.oa.edu.ua/the-main-features-of-accounting-of-cash-operation-in-pjsc-privatbank/feed/ 0 https://naub.oa.edu.ua/the-improvement-of-account-of-cash-operation-on-ukrainian-enterprises-in-the-context-of-its-automation/ https://naub.oa.edu.ua/the-improvement-of-account-of-cash-operation-on-ukrainian-enterprises-in-the-context-of-its-automation/#respond Wed, 30 Mar 2016 20:52:09 +0000 http://naub.oa.edu.ua/?p=20212 Танчин А. І.

The article analyzes the general principles of the organization and implementation of cash operation accounting in Ukraine under the current legislation, it also provides main directions of improvement in the context of the automation and the usage of new information technologies.

Keywords: cash, cash transactions, accounting, automation of accounting, computer environment, monitoring, new information technologies.

ПОКРАЩЕННЯ ОБЛІКУ КАСОВИХ ОПЕРАЦІЙ НА ПІДПРИЄМСТВАХ УКРАЇНИ В КОНТЕКСТІ ЙОГО АВТОМАТИЗАЦІЇ

У статті проаналізовано загальні засади організації та здійснення обліку касових операцій на підприємствах України відповідно до чинного законодавства. Також запропоновано основні напрямки його покращення в контексті автоматизації та використання новітніх інформаційних технологій.

Ключові слова: грошові кошти, касові операції, облік, автоматизація обліку, комп’ютерне середовище, контроль, новітні інформаційні технології.

УЛУЧШЕНИЯ УЧЕТА КАССОВЫХ ОПЕРАЦИЙ НА ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯХ УКРАИНЫ В КОНТЕКСТЕ ЕГО АВТОМАТИЗАЦИИ

В статье проанализированы общие принципы организации и осуществления учета кассовых операций на предприятиях Украины в соответствии с действующим законодательством. Также предложены основные направления его улучшения в контексте автоматизации и использования новейших информационных технологий.

Ключевые слова: денежные средства, кассовые операции, учет, автоматизация учета, компьютерная среда, контроль, новейшие информационные технологии.

Problem statement. Each enterprise uses cash, which is considerate to be an important financial resource for the organization of economic activity. All national enterprises should use full and accurate information about a cash flow during business activities that are very important for making a decision and a current, projected plan of the operation.

When users receive full and accurate information about cash flows, they can predict financial position of the company while making the best management decisions.

However, it is necessary to improve the accounting of company’s cash operations in the context of the automation and the usage of new information technologies, which will help to improve cash flows of the enterprises’ activity and ensure a high level of reliability of the information.

Analysis of the latest studies. The main knowledge about organization of cash flows accounting has been studied not only by national, but foreign scholars as well, for example: M. T. Bilukha, N. N. Hrabova, V. O. Ozerna, M. S. Pushkar, V. V. Sopko. The main ways of improvement of cash flow accounting have been analyzed by S. A. Paliy, V. V. Tomchyk. Today the question of improvement of cash flow accounting is urgent in the context of the automation and needs new ways of research.

Objective of the study. The main target of the study is to identify the areas of the improvement of cash flow operations of enterprises in Ukraine in the context of its automation, based on the theoretical and practical aspects of a chosen subject.

Presentation of the main material of the study. Cash − is the most liquid asset of classes, which provides the company’s freedom of right choice, and is associated with the greatest degree of liquidity. The cash plays a significant role from the beginning to the end of the economic cycle of an enterprise. The cash can often be transferred to other kinds of assets during the economic activity.

The concept of money is determined by the International Accounting Standards (S) 7 “Cash flow statement”, which is interpreted as follows: “Cash consists of cash on hand and of demand deposits” [3].

If you use money, you can conduct different operations with it, for example:  buying goods, production, making goods and getting receipts from making, selling goods and services.

A cash operation consists of enterprises’ operations between each other, other companies and individuals. It depends on getting and delivering cash via the cash operations of the company.

Organization and accounting of cash operations are regulated by “The regulation of making cash operations in national currency” № 637, which is approved by the National Bank of Ukraine, dated on the 15^th of December 2004 (amended) [5].

According to the regulation, a cash office − is a specially equipped and isolated room, intended for reception, distribution and temporary storage of cash in national and foreign currencies and other financial instruments [5].

A materially responsible person – a cashier, who is responsible for storing valuables, makes all cash operations of the enterprise.

All companies that use cash in local currency have to establish limit cash rent on time.

A cash limit − is a limit of the amount of cash that can be on hand in working hours [5]. The cash, which is over the cash limit, has to be transferred to the bank’s accounts. For banks and businesses cash limit is not set.

All cash operations are written in primary forms of documents:

• A profitable cash order, form number CA-1;
• An outgoing cash order, form number CA-2;
• A magazine of profitable and outgoing cash documents, form number CA-3, CA-3a;
• A cash book, form number CA-4;
• A book of profitable and outgoing cash by cashier, form number 5 [4];

At the end of the day all cash operations, which are based on the information, are recorded in the cash book over revenues and expenditures according to the corresponding accounts.

Synthetic accounting of cash operations of the enterprise is leaded on account 30 “Cash”. That is an active account, the debit of which is reflected in the money in cash, and credit – its outgoing fund.

Analytical accounting is made in magazine-order number 1 and record number 1.1.

All information about the cash flow is disclosed in the cash flow statement, which consists of financial, operational and investment activities. This statement is regulated by N(S) 1 “General requirements for financial reporting.”

Today many enterprises use automation way of making documents and accounting for cash operations, which are regulated by the Ukrainian law  “About the application of payment operations in trade, catering and services” №265 / 95- VR , dated 6^th of July 1995 [6].

A recorder of settlement operations (RSO) − a device or software and hardware, which implements fiscal functions and is designed to record payment operations while selling goods (services) operations with purchase and sale of foreign currency and the registration number of sold goods (provided services ) [6].

If enterprises use automated accounting system of cash operations in their economic activity it will help them to do it in an easy way. The database, used in the process helps not only to compare the information but also to pass it from one file to another.

If a cashier uses the software while performing the work, it will help him to do:

• to calculate summarized amounts automatically;
• to change and add the information to the database without changing the algorithm of the program;
• to automate cash accounting, settlement, banking operations [2];

The following automated accounting systems are the most common in Ukraine : “1C: Accounting 8.2”, “Best”, “Parus”.

Each software system, which was named above, does not have significant differences in the operation. That is why an enterprise can choose any software, depending on its needs and opportunities (table 1).

Table 1

The main features of functioning of automated accounting systems *

* Source: developed by the author based on [1]

The usage of one kind of software in the accounting of cash operations gives an opportunity to make it without mistakes. It is connected with the availability of properly executed original documents, the ability to correct the inputted information, availability of using safety software, the possibility of error-free transfer of information in the program.

At the same time, the automation of accounting helps not only to improve the quality of the displayed information about business processes, but also to provide the function of control for entering information and its reliability, which is reflected in the program with the following elements: correcting an empty cash documents, lack of negative balances on hand, compliance with the limit of the account 30 “Cash”, right numbering of profitable and outgoing cash orders.

If a cashier uses the information about the accounting of the cash operation correctly, it will help him to eliminate errors, which is quite important factor while decision-making, avoiding penalties and wrong amount of tax payable for the period.

There is the opportunity for managers and accountants to simulate different situations of the rational use of funds that is going to be the first step towards the formation of an effective cash management policy.

An accountant can improve primary documents with the aim of making the input of the information onto a cash database software easier. This improvement is caused by adding additional columns to the receipt and expenditure cash orders, showing the operation of the enterprise funds in terms of investment, financial and operating results, which subsequently facilitate the process of filling the cash flow statement at the end of the reporting period.

Though, today most of small businesses limit their activities with using automation, which depends on small number of business transactions and the lack of skilled workers.

Conclusion.  As a result, the cash plays an important role in the organization and implementation of business enterprises. The cash reflects all business’ operations that need strict accounting and documentary display for management decisions and determination of the financial condition of the enterprise. One of the main tasks of the cash flow accounting of an enterprise involves its constant improvement thanks to  scientific and technological approaches. That is why there is the need to implement the automation of cash operations for most enterprises, which will help to save time and to avoid errors during making calculations. If an accountant uses a software it will help to input the information correctly onto the accounting information system, to fill profitable and outgoing cash orders and to control all operations at the same time. That is why the improvement of cash operations is a positive direction for the enterprise in the context of automation that will help to provide high level of reliability of the information in the system and simplify the exchange of the information between enterprises and other users. 

Literature

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